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authorRich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx>2019-03-31 18:03:27 -0400
committerRich Felker <dalias@aerifal.cx>2019-03-31 20:59:13 -0400
commit54ca677983d47529bab8752315ac1a2b49888870 (patch)
treeb6b2d295a6da827b204a1f6a6d8cbce1f0848b90
parent2142cafdc7692428b5f993fe211279d1ed2e7271 (diff)
downloadmusl-54ca677983d47529bab8752315ac1a2b49888870.tar.gz
implement priority inheritance mutexes
priority inheritance is a feature to mitigate priority inversion situations, where a execution of a medium-priority thread can unboundedly block forward progress of a high-priority thread when a lock it needs is held by a low-priority thread. the natural way to do priority inheritance would be with a simple futex flag to donate the calling thread's priority to a target thread while it waits on the futex. unfortunately, linux does not offer such an interface, but instead insists on implementing the whole locking protocol in kernelspace with special futex commands that exist solely for the purpose of doing PI mutexes. this would require the entire "trylock" logic to be duplicated in the timedlock code path for PI mutexes, since, once the previous lock holder releases the lock and the futex call returns, the lock is already held by the caller. obviously such code duplication is undesirable. instead, I've made the PI timedlock success path set the mutex lock count to -1, which can be thought of as "not yet complete", since a lock count of 0 is "locked, with no recursive references". a simple branch in a non-hot path of pthread_mutex_trylock can then see and act on this state, skipping past the code that would check and take the lock to the same code path that runs after the lock is obtained for a non-PI mutex. because we're forced to let the kernel perform the actual lock and unlock operations whenever the mutex is contended, we have to patch things up when it does the wrong thing: 1. the lock operation is not aware of whether the mutex is error-checking, so it will always fail with EDEADLK rather than deadlocking. 2. the lock operation is not aware of whether the mutex is robust, so it will successfully obtain mutexes in the owner-died state even if they're non-robust, whereas this operation should deadlock. 3. the unlock operation always sets the lock value to zero, whereas for robust mutexes, we want to set it to a special value indicating that the mutex obtained after its owner died was unlocked without marking it consistent, so that future operations all fail with ENOTRECOVERABLE. the first of these is easy to solve, just by performing a futex wait on a dummy futex address to simulate deadlock or ETIMEDOUT as appropriate. but problems 2 and 3 interact in a nasty way. to solve problem 2, we need to back out the spurious success. but if waiters are present -- which we can't just ignore, because even if we don't want to wake them, the calling thread is incorrectly inheriting their priorities -- this requires using the kernel's unlock operation, which will zero the lock value, thereby losing the "owner died with lock held" state. to solve these problems, we overload the mutex's waiters field, which is unused for PI mutexes since they don't call the normal futex wait functions, as an indicator that the PI mutex is permanently non-lockable. originally I wanted to use the count field, but there is one code path that needs to access this flag without synchronization: trylock's CAS failure path needs to be able to decide whether to fail with EBUSY or ENOTRECOVERABLE, the waiters field is already treated as a relaxed-order atomic in our memory model, so this works out nicely.
-rw-r--r--src/thread/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c37
-rw-r--r--src/thread/pthread_mutex_trylock.c24
-rw-r--r--src/thread/pthread_mutex_unlock.c14
-rw-r--r--src/thread/pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol.c26
4 files changed, 93 insertions, 8 deletions
diff --git a/src/thread/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c b/src/thread/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
index 0f171c00..6b893627 100644
--- a/src/thread/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
+++ b/src/thread/pthread_mutex_timedlock.c
@@ -1,5 +1,40 @@
#include "pthread_impl.h"
+static int pthread_mutex_timedlock_pi(pthread_mutex_t *restrict m, const struct timespec *restrict at)
+{
+ int type = m->_m_type;
+ int priv = (type & 128) ^ 128;
+ pthread_t self = __pthread_self();
+ int e;
+
+ if (!priv) self->robust_list.pending = &m->_m_next;
+
+ do e = -__syscall(SYS_futex, &m->_m_lock, FUTEX_LOCK_PI|priv, 0, at);
+ while (e==EINTR);
+ if (e) self->robust_list.pending = 0;
+
+ switch (e) {
+ case 0:
+ /* Catch spurious success for non-robust mutexes. */
+ if (!(type&4) && ((m->_m_lock & 0x40000000) || m->_m_waiters)) {
+ a_store(&m->_m_waiters, -1);
+ __syscall(SYS_futex, &m->_m_lock, FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI|priv);
+ self->robust_list.pending = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ /* Signal to trylock that we already have the lock. */
+ m->_m_count = -1;
+ return __pthread_mutex_trylock(m);
+ case ETIMEDOUT:
+ return e;
+ case EDEADLK:
+ if ((type&3) == PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK) return e;
+ }
+ do e = __timedwait(&(int){0}, 0, CLOCK_REALTIME, at, 1);
+ while (e != ETIMEDOUT);
+ return e;
+}
+
int __pthread_mutex_timedlock(pthread_mutex_t *restrict m, const struct timespec *restrict at)
{
if ((m->_m_type&15) == PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL
@@ -11,6 +46,8 @@ int __pthread_mutex_timedlock(pthread_mutex_t *restrict m, const struct timespec
r = __pthread_mutex_trylock(m);
if (r != EBUSY) return r;
+
+ if (type&8) return pthread_mutex_timedlock_pi(m, at);
int spins = 100;
while (spins-- && m->_m_lock && !m->_m_waiters) a_spin();
diff --git a/src/thread/pthread_mutex_trylock.c b/src/thread/pthread_mutex_trylock.c
index 29622ff9..37e5c473 100644
--- a/src/thread/pthread_mutex_trylock.c
+++ b/src/thread/pthread_mutex_trylock.c
@@ -9,10 +9,17 @@ int __pthread_mutex_trylock_owner(pthread_mutex_t *m)
old = m->_m_lock;
own = old & 0x3fffffff;
- if (own == tid && (type&3) == PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) {
- if ((unsigned)m->_m_count >= INT_MAX) return EAGAIN;
- m->_m_count++;
- return 0;
+ if (own == tid) {
+ if ((type&8) && m->_m_count<0) {
+ old &= 0x40000000;
+ m->_m_count = 0;
+ goto success;
+ }
+ if ((type&3) == PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) {
+ if ((unsigned)m->_m_count >= INT_MAX) return EAGAIN;
+ m->_m_count++;
+ return 0;
+ }
}
if (own == 0x3fffffff) return ENOTRECOVERABLE;
if (own || (old && !(type & 4))) return EBUSY;
@@ -29,9 +36,18 @@ int __pthread_mutex_trylock_owner(pthread_mutex_t *m)
if (a_cas(&m->_m_lock, old, tid) != old) {
self->robust_list.pending = 0;
+ if ((type&12)==12 & m->_m_waiters) return ENOTRECOVERABLE;
return EBUSY;
}
+success:
+ if ((type&8) && m->_m_waiters) {
+ int priv = (type & 128) ^ 128;
+ __syscall(SYS_futex, &m->_m_lock, FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI|priv);
+ self->robust_list.pending = 0;
+ return (type&4) ? ENOTRECOVERABLE : EBUSY;
+ }
+
volatile void *next = self->robust_list.head;
m->_m_next = next;
m->_m_prev = &self->robust_list.head;
diff --git a/src/thread/pthread_mutex_unlock.c b/src/thread/pthread_mutex_unlock.c
index ea9f54dd..b66423e6 100644
--- a/src/thread/pthread_mutex_unlock.c
+++ b/src/thread/pthread_mutex_unlock.c
@@ -8,10 +8,11 @@ int __pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *m)
int type = m->_m_type & 15;
int priv = (m->_m_type & 128) ^ 128;
int new = 0;
+ int old;
if (type != PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL) {
self = __pthread_self();
- int old = m->_m_lock;
+ old = m->_m_lock;
int own = old & 0x3fffffff;
if (own != self->tid)
return EPERM;
@@ -29,7 +30,16 @@ int __pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *m)
if (next != &self->robust_list.head) *(volatile void *volatile *)
((char *)next - sizeof(void *)) = prev;
}
- cont = a_swap(&m->_m_lock, new);
+ if (type&8) {
+ if (old<0 || a_cas(&m->_m_lock, old, new)!=old) {
+ if (new) a_store(&m->_m_waiters, -1);
+ __syscall(SYS_futex, &m->_m_lock, FUTEX_UNLOCK_PI|priv);
+ }
+ cont = 0;
+ waiters = 0;
+ } else {
+ cont = a_swap(&m->_m_lock, new);
+ }
if (type != PTHREAD_MUTEX_NORMAL && !priv) {
self->robust_list.pending = 0;
__vm_unlock();
diff --git a/src/thread/pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol.c b/src/thread/pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol.c
index c92a31c8..511cc32d 100644
--- a/src/thread/pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol.c
+++ b/src/thread/pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol.c
@@ -1,7 +1,29 @@
#include "pthread_impl.h"
+#include "syscall.h"
+
+static pthread_once_t check_pi_once;
+static int check_pi_result;
+
+static void check_pi()
+{
+ volatile int lk = 0;
+ check_pi_result = -__syscall(SYS_futex, &lk, FUTEX_LOCK_PI, 0, 0);
+}
int pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol(pthread_mutexattr_t *a, int protocol)
{
- if (protocol) return ENOTSUP;
- return 0;
+ switch (protocol) {
+ case PTHREAD_PRIO_NONE:
+ a->__attr &= ~8;
+ return 0;
+ case PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT:
+ pthread_once(&check_pi_once, check_pi);
+ if (check_pi_result) return check_pi_result;
+ a->__attr |= 8;
+ return 0;
+ case PTHREAD_PRIO_PROTECT:
+ return ENOTSUP;
+ default:
+ return EINVAL;
+ }
}