The received length field in the message may be greater than the size of the 'answer' buffer in which the message resides. Currently, ABUF_SIZE is 768. And if we get a larger 'alens[i]', it will result in an out-of-bounds reading in __dns_parse(). To fix this, limit the length to the size of the received buffer.
EAI_OVERFLOW should be propagated as ERANGE to inform the caller about the need to expand the buffer.
If the buffer passed to getservbyport_r is just enough to store two pointers after aligning it, getnameinfo is called with buflen == 0 (which means that service name is not needed) and trivially succeeds. Then, strtol is called on the address just past the buffer end, and if it doesn't happen to find the port number there, getservbyport_r spuriously succeeds and returns the same bad address to the caller. Fix this by ensuring that buflen is at least 1 when passed to getnameinfo.
getifaddrs computes &ctx->first->ifa even if ctx->first is NULL. While this shouldn't be possible on the success path because the loopback interface is hardcoded into the kernel, this is still possible on the error path (for example, if __rtnetlink_enumerate couldn't create a socket due to exceeding the fd limit).
accept4 emulation via accept ignores unknown flags, so it can spuriously succeed instead of failing (or succeed without doing the action implied by an unknown flag if it's added in a future kernel). Worse, unknown flags trigger the fallback code even on modern kernels if the real accept4 syscall returns EINVAL, because this is indistinguishable from socketcall returning EINVAL due to lack of accept4 support. Fix this by always failing with EINVAL if unknown flags are present and the syscall is missing or failed with EINVAL.
This is completely analoguous to commit 633183b5d1c2. Similar code called from __lookup_name is not affected because it checks that the line contains the host name surrounded by blanks.
When IPv6 nameservers are present, __res_msend_rc attempts to disable IPV6_V6ONLY socket option to ensure that it can communicate with IPv4 nameservers (if they are present too) via IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses. However, this option can't be disabled on bound sockets, so setsockopt always fails.
A zero returned from recvmsg is currently treated as if some data were received, so if a DNS server closes its TCP socket before sending the full answer, __res_msend_rc will spin until the timeout elapses because POLLIN event will be reported on each poll. Fix this by treating an early EOF as an error.
DNS parsing callbacks pass the response buffer end instead of the actual response end to dn_expand, so a malformed DNS response can use message compression to make dn_expand jump past the response end and attempt to parse uninitialized parts of that buffer, which might succeed and return garbage.
There are several issues with range checks in this function: * The question section parsing loop can read up to two out-of-bounds bytes before doing the range check and bailing out. * The answer section parsing loop, in addition to the same issue as above, uses the wrong length in the range check that doesn't prevent OOB reads when computing len later. * The len range check before calling the callback is off by 10. Also, p+len can overflow in a (probably theoretical) case when p is within 2^16 from UINTPTR_MAX. Because __dns_parse is used only with stack-allocated buffers, such small overreads can't result in a segfault. The first two also don't affect the function result, but the last one may result in getaddrinfo incorrectly succeeding and returning up to 10 bytes past the response buffer as a part of the IP address, and in (canon) name returned by getaddrinfo/getnameinfo being affected by memory past the response buffer (because dn_expand might interpret it as a pointer).